DSLR
Digital Single-Lens Reflex

SLR
Single-Lens Reflex

ISO
International Organization for Standardization (relates to light sensitivity)

RAW
A file format that captures all image data as captured by the camera sensor, without in-camera processing.

JPEG
Joint Photographic Experts Group (a common compressed image format)

HDR
High Dynamic Range (a technique that combines multiple exposures for better contrast)

DOF
Depth of Field (how much of the scene is in focus)

AF
Autofocus

MF
Manual Focus

FPS
Frames Per Second (used for burst shooting speed)

EV
Exposure Value (a measure of the exposure setting of an image)

WB
White Balance (adjusts color balance based on lighting conditions)

TTL
Through The Lens (light metering system in cameras)

ND
Neutral Density (type of filter to reduce light entering the lens)

B&W
Black and White

APS-C
Advanced Photo System type-C (sensor size common in crop-sensor cameras)

VR
Vibration Reduction (Nikon's stabilization technology)

IS
Image Stabilization (Canon's stabilization technology)

CPL
Circular Polarizer (filter used to reduce reflections and enhance colors)

EXIF
Exchangeable Image File Format (data stored with images, like camera settings)

IQ
Image Quality

OIS
Optical Image Stabilization (stabilization in lenses or sensors)

RGB
Red, Green, Blue (color model for digital displays)

CMYK
Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, Black (color model for printing)

PS
Photoshop (commonly used software for image editing)