A participle is a verb's -ing or -ed form that functions as an adjective or part of a verb in a sentence.
1. Present Participle (-ing form): In the formation of Adjective or Continuous Tense. Example (Adjective): The shining stars are beautiful. Example (Continuous Tense): She is writing a letter.
2. Past Participle (-ed / -en form): In the formation of Adjective or Passive Voice. Example (Adjective): The broken chair needs fixing. Example (Passive Voice): The letter was written by her.